The 193 page opinion covers a wide range of questions.
The Supreme Court upheld the key feature of President Obama's Health Care overhaul. The individual mandate which will require nearly all Americans to buy health insurance.
Siding with the court's four liberal justices, Chief Justice John Roberts wrote that Congress did have the power to pass that reform because it has the power to tax.
"They're not saying you have to get health insurance, they're saying, if you don't have health insurance, then you have to pay this extra tax and under the taxing power the federal government can do that," said Professor Brian Kalt with the MSU College of Law.
The ruling also lets stand the part of the law that allows children to stay on their parents' insurance policies until they're 26.
But the court struck down the law's medicaid expansion, that would have required states to offer more coverage to the poor.
"So the states have a choice, they can expand medicaid if they want, and take all this federal money if they want, but if they don't they don't get that penalty," Kalt said.
The court keeps the requirement in place for insurance companies to cover pre-existing conditions. It also allows the end of lifetime limits on the dollar amount insurance companies cover for health care.
"The bottom line is that, everything in the law, significant to the general public, was upheld," said Kalt.
The legal decision may be out, but the fight over the nation's health care law is far from over.
"Whatever the politics, today's decision was a victory for people all over this country whose lives will be more secure because of this law and the court's decision to uphold it," Kalt said.
"What the court did not do on the last day of its session, I will do on my first day as president," said Presidential hopeful Mitt Romney.
The House is already promising a vote on repealing the law when Congress gets back from its July 4th break.
